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What is the best treatment for anaphylaxis?
Epinephrine reverses the negative cardiovascular effects of an anaphylactic reaction and helps to dilate the airways. It is the initial treatment of choice for anaphylaxis and can be used also during a life-threatening asthma attack. For optimal effect, an injection of epinephrine must be administered at the very beginning of a reaction. Given the rapidity with which symptoms can develop and progress, epinephrine must be available immediately. For this reason it is recommended that anaphylactic people carry their epinephrine with them at all times. While life saving, epinephrine only provides supportive emergency treatment and cannot replace thorough assessment and treatment in hospital. If significant symptoms persist after the initial injection, repeat injections may be given at 10-20 minute intervals while en route to emergency care. Antihistamines cannot replace epinephrine in the treatment of an anaphylactic reaction.
What else can I do during a reaction?
Have a routine worked out at school, work or home for handling an emergency. Practice it often. Take/administer epinephrine at the first sign of a reaction and call 911. It is best not to drive yourself and if you are driving someone, who is having a reaction, make sure you have an assistant with you. You cannot care for them and drive at the same time. You can take/administer an antihistamine as well, although this should be secondary to epinephrine. Make note of the time and be prepared to give a second injection in 10-20 minutes if you/your child are still symptomatic. If the individual is having difficulty breathing, try to support them in an upright position. If they are comatose, you need to position them on their side in order to protect their airway from vomit. Loosen restrictive clothing and try to remain calm.
Is there a cure for anaphylaxis?
Effective desensitization programmes are available for insect sting induced anaphylaxis and for drug allergies. Such programmes do not yet exist for food induced anaphylaxis.
Last date modified on Friday, December 20, 2002
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